Kusimba kwemabhora mana
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chekuvhara zvigaromavharuvhu ebhoraipolytetraoxyethylene (PTFE), iyo inonzwa kune anenge ese makemikari, uye ine friction coefficient yakaderera, kushanda kwakasimba, haisi nyore kukwegura, tembiricha yakafara inoshandiswa uye sealing performance. Hunhu hwakanaka kwazvo. Zvisinei, hunhu hwePTFE, kusanganisira high expansion coefficient, kunzwa kutonhora uye thermal conductivity isina kunaka, inoda dhizaini yevalve seat seal kuti itarisire pane izvi. Zvinhu zvepurasitiki zvevalve seat seal zvinosanganisirawo PTFE yakazara, nylon nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda. Zvisinei, kana sealing tool ikava yakaoma, kuvimbika kwechisimbiso kuchakuvadzwa, kunyanya kana paine musiyano wakaderera wekumanikidzwa. Pamusoro pezvo, synthetic raber senge butyl raber inogonawo kushandiswa sechinhu chevharuvhu seating, asi mishonga yayo inoshanda yepakati nepakati nekupisa inogumira. Pamusoro pezvo, kana medium isina kuzorwa mafuta, kushandiswa kwesynthetic raber kunogona kukanganisa bhora.
Kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa zvekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri zvakaita sekupisa kwakanyanya, kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, kukurwa kwakasimba, kugara kwenguva refu, nezvimwewo, mavharuvhu ebhora akavharirwa nesimbi akagadzirwa zvakanyanya mumakore gumi apfuura. Kunyanya munyika dzakabudirira dzemaindasitiri, dzakadai seUnited States, Italy, Germany, Spain, Netherlands, nezvimwewo, chimiro chevharuvhu rebhora chave chichivandudzwa nguva dzose, uye kwave kune mavharuvhu ebhora akasungirirwa muviri wese, mavharuvhu ebhora ekusimudza, uye mavharuvhu ebhora mumapaipi ekufamba kure, michina yekuchenesa mafuta, nezvimwewo. Nzvimbo yemaindasitiri iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya, ine dhayamita hombe (3050mm), kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya (70MPa) uye mavharuvhu ebhora emhando yepamusoro (-196~8159C) achioneka, zvekuti tekinoroji yevharuvhu rebhora yasvika padanho idzva.
5 Kugadzira uye kugadzira mavharuvhu ebhora
Nekuda kwekushandiswa kweComputer Aided Design (CAD), Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) uye Mulberry Manufacturing System (FMS) muindasitiri yemavharuvhu, dhizaini nekugadzirwa kwemavharuvhu ebhora zvasvika padanho idzva. Hazvina kungovandudza nzira yekuverenga mavharuvhu chete, asiwo zvakaderedza basa rekugadzira rinorema uye rinodzokororwa revashandi vehunyanzvi nehunyanzvi, kuitira kuti matekiniki ave nesimba rakawanda rekuvandudza, kuvandudza mashandiro ezvigadzirwa nekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvitsva, uye kupfupisa kutenderera kwekutsvaga nekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvitsva. , Kuvandudza kubereka kwevashandi nenzira yakazara, uye mukuita kwekutsvaga nekugadzira vharuvhu yesimbi yesimbi yesimbi inosimudza tsvimbo, nekuda kwekushandiswa kweCAD/CAM, jira rakafara resimbi rakagadzirwa nedhizaini yekombiyuta uye maturusi emuchina weCNC anobatsirwa nekombiyuta raonekwa, iro riri chisimbiso chesimbi. Vharuvhu yebhora haina mavanga uye kupera panguva yekuvhura nekuvhara, kuitira kuti mashandiro ekuvhara uye hupenyu hwebasa hwevharuvhu yebhora zvivandudzwe zvikuru. Kana vharuvhu yebhora yavhurwa zvizere, simba rekudzivirira kuyerera kwemvura rinenge riri diki kwazvo, rinoda kusvika zero, saka vharuvhu yebhora ine dhayamita yakaenzana inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumapaipi emafuta negesi nekuti zviri nyore kuchenesa pombi. Nekuti bhora revharuvhu yebhora rinopukutwa panguva yekuvhura nekuvhara, mavharuvhu mazhinji ebhora anogona kushandiswa mumedia ine zvidimbu zvakasimba zvakasungirirwa. Zvichienderana nezvinhu zviri muring yekuvhara, inogona zvakare kushandiswa mupoda negranular media.
6 Ball valve inoshanda panguva dzakasiyana
Sezvo vharuvhu yebhora ichiwanzoshandisa rabha, nayiloni uye polytetraoxyethylene sechishongo chechigaro, tembiricha yekushandiswa kwayo inoganhurirwa nechinhu chevharuvhu chechigaro chevharuvhu. Mhedzisiro yekucheka kwehupamhi hwebhora inowanikwa nebhora resimbi richidzvanywa pakati pezvigaro zvevharuvhu yepurasitiki pasi pechiito chepakati (vharuvhu yebhora inoyangarara). Pasi pechiito chekumanikidzwa kwakati, vharuvhu yechigaro chevharuvhu inochinja-chinja uye kuita purasitiki mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Kushanduka uku kunogona kutsiva kururama kwekugadzira uye kuomarara kwebhora, uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti vharuvhu yebhora inoshanda zvakanaka.
Pamusoro pezvo, sezvo chigaro chekuvhara vharuvhu yebhora chichiwanzogadzirwa nepurasitiki, pakusarudza chimiro uye mashandiro evharuvhu yebhora, zvakakosha kufunga nezvekudzivirira moto uye kudzivirira moto kwevharuvhu yebhora, kunyanya muzvikamu zvepetroleum, makemikari, metallurgical nedzimwe nzvimbo, munzvimbo dzinobvira moto uye dzinoputika. Kushandiswa kwemavharuvhu ebhora mumidziyo uye sisitimu yepombi yeUnited States kunofanirwa kutarisisa zvakanyanya kudzivirira moto nekudzivirira moto.
Kazhinji, mukugadzirisa nzvimbo mbiri, kushanda kwakasimba kwekuvhara, matope, kukwesha, nzira yekuvhura nekuvhara nekukurumidza (1/4 yekuvhura nekuvhara), kudimbura kwesimba repamusoro (musiyano mukuru wekumanikidzwa), ruzha rwakaderera, kuvharika kwesimbi uye kupwanya, Mumasystem emapaipi ane kudonha kudiki mumhepo, torque diki yekushanda uye kuramba kudiki kwemvura, mavharuvhu ebhora anokurudzirwa.
Mavharuvhu ebhora akakodzerawo masisitimu emapaipi ane chimiro chakajeka, akacheka kumanikidzwa kwakaderera (musiyano mudiki wekumanikidzwa), uye anoparadza.
Mavharuvhu ebhora anogona kushandiswawo mumidziyo inodziya zvishoma (cryogenic) uye masisitimu emapaipi.
Muhurongwa hwemapombi eokisijeni eindasitiri yesimbi, mavharuvhu ebhora akamborapwa zvakanyanya kubvisa mafuta anodiwa.
Kana mitsetse mikuru iri mumapaipi emafuta negasi ichida kuvigwa pasi pevhu, mavharuvhu ebhora akasungirirwa ane dhayamita yakazara anodiwa.
Kana kuchidikanwa kugadzirisa mashandiro, vharuvhu yebhora ine chimiro chakakosha ine kuvhura kwakafanana neV inofanira kusarudzwa.
Mu petroleum, petrochemical, makemikari, magetsi, uye kuvaka mumaguta, mavharuvhu ebhora akavharwa kubva pasimbi kuenda kusimbi anogona kushandiswa kumapombi ane tembiricha yekushanda iri pamusoro pe200°C.
7 Nheyo dzekushandisa mavharuvhu ebhora
Pamapaipi emafuta negasi rechisikigo, mapaipi anoda kucheneswa, uye kuvigwa muvhu, shandisa mavharuvhu ebhora ane mapass ese uye akasungirirwa ese; kana akavigwa muvhu, sarudza mavharuvhu ebhora ane mapass ese kana akasungirirwa ese; mapaipi ebazi, Sarudza kubatana kweflange, kubatana kwewelding, vharuvhu yebhora ine mapass ese kana yakaderedzwa dhayamita.
Pakufambisa pombi uye pamidziyo yekuchengetera mafuta akacheneswa, shandisa mavharuvhu ebhora ane flange.
Pamapaipi egasi negasi rechisikigo muguta, shandisa mavharuvhu ebhora anoyangarara ane flange connection uye thread connection yemukati.
Muhurongwa hwemapombi eokisijeni muhurongwa hwesimbi, vharuvhu yebhora yakagadziriswa yakamborapwa zvakanyanya uye yakabatanidza flange inofanira kushandiswa.
Kune masisitimu emapaipi ane tembiricha yakaderera, mavharuvhu ebhora ane tembiricha yakaderera ane mabhoneti anofanira kushandiswa. Musisitimu yemapaipi echikamu che catalytic cracking chechikamu chekuchenesa mafuta, vharuvhu yebhora yemhando ye lifter inogona kusarudzwa.
Mumidziyo nemapaipi emidziyo inoparadza senge acid nealkali mumakemikoro, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa mavharuvhu ese esimbi isina ngura akagadzirwa nesimbi isina ngura ye austenitic ne polytetraoxyethylene sechigaro nerin'i yekuvhara.
Mavharuvhu ebhora anovhara simbi kubva pasimbi kuenda pasimbi anogona kushandiswa mumapaipi kana zvishandiso zvemidziyo yekupisa kwakanyanya mumasisitimu esimbi, masisitimu emagetsi, kuiswa kwepetrochemical, uye masisitimu ekudziyisa emaguta.
Kana kuchidikanwa kugadzirisa kuyerera kwemvura, vharuvhu yebhora ine worm-gear, pneumatic kana electric ball ine V-shaped opening inogona kusarudzwa.